Custom Modules

Modules in Python are simply files with a .py extension that contain Python definitions and statements. Modules can define functions, classes, and variables. They allow us to organize and reuse code in a neat and efficient manner.

Imagine we have a file named math_operations.py with a few simple mathematical functions. It might look like this:

# math_operations.py

def add(x, y):
    return x + y        # Returns the sum of x and y

def subtract(x, y):
    return x - y        # Returns the difference of x and y

def multiply(x, y):
    return x * y        # Returns the product of x and y

def divide(x, y):
    if y != 0:          # Checks if y is not zero
        return x / y    # Returns the quotient of x and y
    else:
        return 'Division by zero is not allowed'

In another file (say main.py), we can use these functions by importing the math_operations module:

import math_operations                 # Imports the custom module

print(math_operations.add(2, 3))       # Calls the 'add' function from the module and prints 5
print(math_operations.subtract(7, 1))  # Calls the 'subtract' function from the module and prints 6
print(math_operations.multiply(4, 5))  # Calls the 'multiply' function from the module and prints 20
print(math_operations.divide(8, 2))    # Calls the 'divide' function from the module and prints 4

Or we can use the from ... import ... syntax instead. This can make your code cleaner because it eliminates the need to use the module name or alias as a prefix:

from math_operations import add, subtract

print(add(2, 3))       # Calls the 'add' function directly and prints 5
print(subtract(7, 1))  # Calls the 'subtract' function directly and prints 6

Creating and using custom modules help in making your code more readable and manageable, especially for large projects.

Challenge: Temperature Conversion

You are an intern at a weather agency and are tasked to develop a program to help meteorologists around the world convert temperatures with ease. Your assignment is to create a Python module named temperature that contains two functions: celsius2fahrenheit() and fahrenheit2celsius().

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Navigate to the PROJECT tab at the top of the page (next to the DESCRIPTION and SUBMISSIONS tabs) to create and edit files.

celsius2fahrenheit() should take a temperature in Celsius as input and convert it to Fahrenheit. fahrenheit2celsius() should take a temperature in Fahrenheit as input and convert it to Celsius. Each function should return the converted temperature.

The input and output are handled automatically by the main.py module.

Input	Output
C 0	32.00
F 32	0.00
C 100	212.00
F 212	100.00

Note: The formula for converting Celsius to Fahrenheit is (°C × 9/5) + 32, and the formula for converting Fahrenheit to Celsius is (°F - 32) × 5/9.

Challenge: Temperature Conversion

Constraints

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